In recent years, the development of China’s urban construction is changing rapidly, but the change of rural areas is not satisfactory, obviously can not keep up with the pace of urban development. Therefore, the country put forward the development strategy of “urban-rural integration”, and the construction of rural areas has begun; however, it is obvious that the construction of rural areas cannot take the old road of large urban demolition and construction, but must combine the basic status quo and human history of rural areas in each region, and further improve the village appearance under the premise of protecting local cultural characteristics and historical culture.

The current situation of rural residential areas

In the new era, China’s support for rural areas has been increasing, and improving the living standards of rural people has been a very important part of China’s construction work, and living conditions as the most basic living conditions are the most important work. However, due to the limited level of economic development in rural areas, many areas do not attach great importance to the design of residential areas, there are many problems.

1, the same village residential variability, construction level varies

The residents of the same village have different morphological characteristics due to their living standards, economic conditions and local customs. This certainly reflects the characteristics of each family, but from the perspective of the overall development of the village, it seems chaotic and uneven.

2、Irrational building layout

Some residential area boundaries are blurred, coupled with weak law enforcement, many villagers arbitrarily build their houses on their own contracted land, a phenomenon that is more common in the south of China, which inevitably results in an unreasonable layout of residential areas and causes land resources to be wasted and not effectively used.

3、Lack of infrastructure and weakness

In many poor or low economic level villages, infrastructure is lacking and weak, such as potholes in the roads, lack of street lights, sewage pipes, garbage collection stations, etc., which seriously affects the village appearance.

4、No one lives in the new houses, and the dangerous houses are waiting for transformation

Nowadays, rural youths generally go to the city to work, and the newly built wedding houses or those intended to be used as wedding houses are vacant for more than half a year; while most of the old people and children left behind live in old or dangerous houses, resulting in the imbalance and waste of resources.

Design strategies and suggestions for new rural residential areas

In order to better improve the appearance of rural areas and implement the national development strategy of “urban-rural integration”, the following suggestions are made for the design of new rural residential areas.

1、Unified planning of new rural residential areas, forming an overall appearance

The new rural residential areas must be planned in a unified manner, which not only makes the rural areas look more neat and tidy, but also makes the unused and wasted land be used reasonably and effectively again. However, in the planning process, builders must pay attention to preserving the original vernacular of the countryside. In recent years, China has piloted model villages in many areas, and these new rural villages have served as a good model for the rural areas in the surrounding areas. As a representative of the new countryside, Huaxi Village is a successful case with neatly arranged and reasonably laid out residential houses, which has set a typical example for the construction of other new countryside.

2、Use local wild plants to create new rural landscape with special features

Most rural areas have a lot of wild plants growing in them. Local wild plants can be used as greenery, which not only reflects the rural wilderness, but also reduces maintenance costs and achieves a balance between economic benefits and ecological and social benefits in many aspects.

3、Contracting green areas near residential areas to residents

Many rural residents often grow vegetables and fruits in their own yards, in addition to having large farming fields. After the integration of residential areas, the yard planting area is reduced, and the unique rural farming humanistic landscape is weakened; in response to this problem, the green areas around the residential area can be contracted to the residents of the community, so that they can plant vegetables and flowers within the contracted area, and conduct rewarding evaluation, which can ensure that the residential area green areas can be well maintained, but also inherit the rural farming humanistic landscape, and enhance the residents’ own This will ensure that the residential area green space is well maintained, but also inherit the rural farming human landscape, and enhance the residents’ sense of identity and belonging to their own residential area.

4、The design of landscape sketches combined with country life

Can use the landscape sketches of strong performance this characteristic, through the landscape wall, sculpture and other landscape sketches to show the rural farming and life scenes. For example, the spatial division of the residential area can be used with rural characteristics of the fence as a fence, set up rural style seats on both sides of the road.

5, the design of the community road needs to reflect the idyllic style

Rural country roads for urban people is a wonderful mood, but also carries the good memories and deep feelings of rural residents of the countryside. Therefore, the design of new rural residential roads should reflect the idyllic style as much as possible, such as paving the road with different colors of stones or carving out patterns or pictures reflecting rural life on the road.

6, according to local conditions, combined with the unique local terrain, landforms for design

Some villages are located in a good natural environment with unique topography and landforms, so they can make full use of the natural advantages to create a unique new rural landscape and drive the local tourism economy to generate income for the villagers.

New rural residential area design should focus on the following issues

1、Integrate the concept of environmental protection

Protecting the environment is an inevitable requirement for achieving scientific development, and the design of new rural residential areas should also adhere to this principle. The concept of green environmental protection should be implemented into every aspect of the design, such as recycling livestock manure to biogas digesters for power generation, strengthening the recycling and utilization of garbage, etc.

2, people-oriented, build a harmonious community

In today’s cities, human feelings are getting colder and colder. This social problem has also aroused the concern of people from all walks of life, because this problem will lead to other social problems, more rampant theft, crisis of trust between people, etc. Architectural design master Wang Shu also began to study a new type of residential building that can strengthen the communication between neighbors, so that urban residents can communicate as cordially as rural people; and the design of new rural residential areas should avoid taking the old road of urban residential development, and do not let the emotion between people also return to zero while the landscape is updated.

3、Balance consideration of convenience and saving land resources

In the process of urbanization in China in the past few years, many rural areas were demolished and the villagers were “caught up” in the buildings. Therefore, when designing new rural residential areas, we should consider the convenience of the people on the basis of saving land resources, such as unified arrangement of food storage room and agricultural tools room.

4、Pay attention to the display and inheritance of rural culture

Because the countryside in each region has its own development history and folk customs, the architectural style is also different; therefore, in the process of new rural residential area design, how to retain the local residential characteristics and historical culture, while keeping up with the times is a test of the designer’s wisdom.

5、The structure innovation of the new rural residential building

At present, most of the residential buildings are unitary, with 2 to 4 households on one floor of a unit, and there is no public communication space, which makes it difficult for neighbors to communicate to a certain extent; therefore, structural innovation can be considered for the new rural residential buildings, and public communication space can be set up on each floor or two floors, where residents can chat, plant flowers, embroider, cut paper, etc.

Conclusion

The transformation of rural areas is related to the great plan of reform and development of China, and the construction of new rural residential areas is an important way of rural transformation. Only by unified planning of new rural residential areas and making them form an overall appearance and each with its own characteristics under the premise of protecting and inheriting local rural folk culture, can we build a rural landscape with Chinese characteristics.